Learning Team Objective Essay Example for Free

Learning Team Objective Essay During weeks four and five, we took in about strategies an organization can have an image of their general financial rankings. A couple of the subjects managed incorporate utilizing a report of incomes to watch the coming in and leaving money, surveying financial reports, the best approach to report the issuance of the different sorts of stock and profit installments, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act impact. A report of incomes demonstrates the receipt and installment of money for the association. The immediate technique is wanted by the FASB, despite the fact that the two different ways are satisfactory, and shows money receipts and installments in tasks while the backhanded strategy changes total compensation which doesn't impact money. To get initiated with a report of incomes, the association must change its total compensation from an accumulation premise to a money premise. At last, an association may choose their free income to discover the measure of cash is staying after modifications for capital costs and profits have been finished. The 3 strategies for evaluation are the flat, vertical, and proportion examination. Even evaluates the financial report information during a timeframe. This chooses the expansion or decrease which has happened. Vertical investigation reports each thing like a percent of base entirety. This chooses what measure of the absolute resources are existing resources or what measure of the net deals are selling consumptions. Proportion examination reports the association among the picked things of the reports. This chooses liquidity of benefits, benefits of the association, and the dissolvability proportion illuminates if the association is probably going to make due over a long time frame. Financial specialists can utilize the income report to see whether the association has satisfactory money to expand activities and deliver profits. The association may utilize the data in the income report to survey the viability of activities. Income from financing exercises shows any changes under water, advances, or profits. Giving stock or rising long haul getting is really a money inflow. Delivering profits or diminishing risk is a money surge. Besides, income from working exercises ascertains the changes in incomes from activities requiring a count of the alterations in account adjusts in a critical position sheet between bookkeeping spans. Situations may happen which bring about deceptive bookkeeping schedules in view of ailing in the money related controls set down and followed by higher organization individuals. Each of the six of these strategies require to be set up as well as they should be received and implemented also by method of evaluation and development. In the event that even one of the controls isnt set up all things considered the open door may get open for untrustworthy lead. For example, on the off chance that you dont indicate obligation by simply having one individual responsible all things considered it brings about an absence of responsibility if something is off base. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was placed into activity in 2002 because of incredible number of untrustworthy and fake situations having large amounts of organizations. This Act says that all openly worked associations ought to have noted inside financial controls in the association. Associations must present an appraisal of the adequacy and estimation of their inside controls with their decision of year financial bundle. Standard outside reviews are completed to ensure consistence by the organizations with this Act. On the off chance that infringement are found whenever, punishments and fines may be instituted upon higher organization level individuals to incorporate detainment. To finish up, over weeks 4 and 5 we have taken in about the methods of making income reports, the best approach to apply the 3 unique proportions when choosing how pleasantly or lousy the association is performing monetarily, the best approach to report diary passages of the issuance of stock and normal stock and the best approach to declare and enter installments from profits, and in conclusion the best approach to remain moral in bookkeeping and be in similarity with SOX.

Italian SME footwear company (Supply Chain and Logistics Management) Assignment

Italian SME footwear organization (Supply Chain and Logistics Management) - Assignment Example The firm consequently adjusted the utilization of outsider coordinations capacities. In the cutting edge business age, the worldwide condition has become serious expecting organizations to manage a few unique sources in order to guarantee consumer loyalty just as their own prosperity. Such seriousness is the thing that has called for key plans, for example, utilization of outsider coordinations suppliers (Rodrigo 2012: 12).With such a methodology, one needs to take a gander at both the advantages and hindrances of the methodology. In covering the advantages, it isnecessary to assess whether such choices would be handily acclimatized by the company.That is, issues, for example, item accessibility, work power, meeting of client desires the outsider coordinations capacities would need to be thought of, among others that may emerge in the process.Supply chains don't just include materials, coordinations, ICT and offices yet additionally remember individuals for charge of activities or in dividuals engaged with the chain tasks. In this way, an assembling ought to consistently consider â€Å"supplying people† when planning the flexibly chain. That is, considering the correct human mastery in the flexibly chain. Question 1 In examination and assessment of the Baldinini srl methodology, significant spotlight will be on the impact towards the company’s execution. ... ms of stock administration, Baldinini has a possibility of bringing down expenses related with capacity, moving all through their items into the stock. The greater part of all, the organization is lifted off the weight of assessment collection created by expanding estimation of items remembered for the stock. It turns out to be way reasonable and sensible to employ a 3pl supplier. As far as organization and client connections, the end collectors of Baldinini items neglect to understand the organization, this works adversely for Baldinini. Question 2 Traditionally, a few organizations have considered their to be in seriousness as a subsidiary from their item or administrations that they give. With time, anyway this has changed as items and administrations become duplicated continuously (Keifer, 2012).This has a more serious danger of contending with fakes making organizations screen in their own commercial center. A few organizations now not, at this point see their upper hand because of their items and administrations however because of how they maintain their organizations (Keifer, 2012). Flexibly Chain Management (SCM) assumes a particular job in satisfying client needs, creating systems, appropriate administration of stock, control of creation orders and furthermore expansion of client satisfaction. One central of SCM is the SCM Objectives. Flexibly fasten the board intends to satisfy rising client needs or increment it in target markets. It additionally incorporates improvement of the flexibly chain with as least expense as could reasonably be expected, Nitl (2008).This methodology keeps up that an organization ought to unmistakably comprehend their client needs and furthermore have an away from of their commercial center. By having the goals made sense of, an organization as of now has high ground in the market place.By doing as such, an organization dispenses with pointless exercises

Psychology Careers in Schools

Psychology Careers in Schools Student Resources Careers Print Psychology Careers in Schools By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on February 07, 2020 Thomas Barwick/ Iconica/ Getty Images More in Student Resources Careers APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips A school psychologist is a type of psychologist that works within the educational system to help children with emotional, social, and academic issues. The goal of school psychology is to collaborate with parents, teachers, and students to promote a healthy learning environment that focuses on the needs of children.?? School psychology is still a relatively young profession. The National Association of School Psychology (NASP) was established in 1969.?? What School Psychologists Do School psychologists work with individual students and groups of students to deal with behavioral problems, academic difficulties, disabilities, and other issues. They also work with teachers and parents to develop techniques to deal with home and classroom behavior. Other tasks include training students, parents, and teachers about how to manage crisis situations and substance abuse problems.?? According to the National Association of School Psychology, there are 10 domains in which school psychologists provide services, including:?? Data-based decision making and accountabilityConsultation and collaborationInterventions and instructional support to develop academic skillsInterventions and mental health services to develop social and life skillsSchool-wide practices to promote learningPreventive and responsive servicesFamily-school collaboration servicesDiversity in development and learningResearch and program evaluationLegal, ethical, and professional practice School psychologists also act as educators by helping others understand more about child development, behavioral  problems, and behavior management techniques. Where School Psychologists Are Employed While most work in elementary and secondary schools, there are a number of different areas where school psychologists might find employment. Private clinics, hospitals, state agencies, and universities are possible sectors of employment. Some school psychologists also go into private practice and serve as consultants, especially those with a doctoral degree in school psychology.?? Earnings and Outlook According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook published by the U.S. Department of Labor, the median salary for a psychologist working in an elementary or secondary school is $72,910.?? The job outlook for school psychologists is that the field is expected to grow 14 percent from 2016 to 2026, which is faster than average.?? U.S. News and World Report consistently names school psychology as one of the top 100 professions and the field is expected to grow.?? Choosing a Career as a School Psychologist You should look at the benefits and drawbacks involved with this career to help decide if it is the right choice. Pros Being able to help students succeed. Keeping a school day schedule, since most school psychologists work in elementary to secondary school settings. Collaborating with a variety of community members, including counselors, teachers, parents, and students. Cons Difficulties with students or parents can lead to high stress levels. Work-related stress and frustration can lead to burnout. School psychologists often face hectic schedules and an overload of clients. Type of Degree Needed Two or three years of graduate school is the minimum level of training required by most states. However, each state has different requirements for school psychologists. You will need certification or licensure in the state in which you work as well. Before you choose a school psychology graduate program, be sure to check the specific licensing requirements in your state.??

Big Influence On American Culture Essay - 1738 Words

3 In the past couple years, there has been a noticeable uprise of comic items like movies, books and merchandise. The comics have a big influence on American culture ever since the 1940’s. Ever since then comics have an impact on the way people do, and see things. An example is the first comic cover of Captain America punching Hitler in the face. That cover showed that anyone could be a hero and that it was reflecting current events of the time by showing that America was in World War 2. Comic book superheroes have made a huge difference on what American culture is ever since their first appearance in 1938 and that impact can be seen in the literature, business, and Film industry. In the 1930s, there was an idea to publish books that brought words with picture to life and to reflect the era the audience was living in. 1935 came around and the first comic book character made his first debut. Ever since then, more and more characters like Superman, Batman, Captain America and Sp ider Man appeared and those characters started to reflect their respective era’s problems. An example is Captain America fighting hitler, Spiderman working as a photographer, or Superman working at a newspaper company are jobs that were very high and competitive is the 1940s. Those larger than life heroes and characters have always been relatable or looked up too. With those characters, they have their problems and issues. An example is in 2013, when a writer started to write Captain America akaShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of The Beatles Legacy1271 Words   |  5 Pagesand the Korean war, and now facing the rising tide of communism. Americans were missing that little bit of excitement in their lives and people were very inhibited. They needed an outlet to let their suppressed feelings out. Then came four lads from England that would soon shock the world, who called themselves the Beatles. The Beatles in the 1960’s positively impacted America by changing the music indus try and American youth culture, so that young people became more politically involved, freethinkingRead MoreGolden Arches East Essays1166 Words   |  5 PagesMcDonald’s global expansion has intermingled with cultural traditions because these countries are becoming more westernized. Since East Asia is becoming more westernized it also means that there is a cultural difference because of the influences from outside the country. The cultures are being changed because of how ideas are expressed by people and not by their ancestors. Golden Arches East: McDonald’s in East Asia written by James L. Watson talks about how McDonald’s is changing the everyday lives of theRead MoreInfuence of Entertainment Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesInfluence of Entertainment Media Latishia Weldon HUM/186 March 4, 2013 Brandale Mills Influence of Entertainment Media America’s have shaped our culture though entertainment for media proposes for years. Entertainment media is how Americans attract the way of life. The social influences relay on the media entertainment for positive and negative images to help transform the minds of people. The culture of Americans have always been through television, computers, and entertainment. The valuesRead MoreInfluence of Entertainment Media969 Words   |  4 PagesInfluence of Entertainment Media Latishia Weldon HUM/186 March 4, 2013 Brandale Mills Influence of Entertainment Media America’s have shaped our culture though entertainment for media proposes for years. Entertainment media is how Americans attract the way of life. The social influences relay on the media entertainment for positive and negative images to help transform the minds of people. The culture of Americans have always been through television, computers, and entertainment. The valuesRead MoreFamilies Who Relocate Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesMoving from one culture to another can be quite overwhelming for some families. Being use to one way of living can affect how some families adapt to new cultures or social classes. There are numerous influences on families when they are exposed to different environments. The traditions and beliefs people believe in can be affected by the influences of a new environment. Experiencing a new culture has positive and negative influences on families through their beliefs, lifestyles, and living environmentsRead More90s Hip Hop and Rap1320 Words   |  6 Pagesmaterialize and become popular until the 1990 s. With a huge surge in popularity and growth in the 1990 s, it seemed that rap and hip-hop had started a cultural phenomenon that still has noticeable effects easily seen today in music and also in pop culture. A cultural phenomenon is an idea, trend, or movement that shapes and defines that time period. During the 1990 s, rap and hip-hop spread like wild fire across the nation, from the inner cities to the suburbs to anywhere where you can find a radioRead MoreThe Implications Of Big Business1304 Words   |  6 PagesImplications of Big Business in America: Positive and Negative Aspects of Large Corporations for Society Big business has a constructive and positive influence on America. Corporations contribute much more to a country’s economic well being. Bigger businesses are more productive, pay higher salaries and hourly wages, generate more jobs, and are more successful in international markets. However, not everyone believes big business has a positive impact in the US. These people believe that big businessesRead MoreEducation During The Industrialization Era Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesEducation During the Urbanization Era The Urbanization Era in American history, 1870-1900, was a time for growth in America. During this era, industry grew in the country. Big changes occurred in technology, big business, large scale agricultural, and much more. Industries were growing and big businesses were booming. All of this was causing growth of population in the cities in the America. This all fueled the economic growth of the country (The Development of the Industrial United States (1870-1900)Read MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Globalization Of Eating Disorders 854 Words   |  4 Pagesdisorders are becoming more in effect now and not just in the United States , but happens to be going worldwide and not only with just the women, but now with men as well. Within the essay Bordo’s explains about how the body image, media, and culture influence the standard of the beauty leads to eating disorder. Another factor is family that causes someone to form an eating disorder. Those four factors are the main key roles that play apart on how eating disorders are being used. Body image has alwaysRead MoreMusic s Influence On America1467 Words   |  6 Pages Intro Music Music’s Influence on America in the Last Century This class is my first opportunity at exploring music through a broad and historical lens. Certainly I’ve learned plenty of information about how music is composed and what elements go into creating the music we have today. However, my favorite part of the class was learning about the history of American music and how it influenced culture. One could argue that culture affected music first, or vice versa. In my opinion, there are

Changes in the Role of Women Between the Sixteenth and the...

Over long periods of time change is often inevitable. One such instance of change throughout history is that of family members and their role in not only the family, but also in society as a whole. Although changes can be seen in the roles of every family member, it can be argued that the role of women in the family, especially that of mothers, changed the most. Between the sixteenth century and the twentieth century, the role that mothers played in the family and in society changed greatly. Since the sixteenth century, one of the most important roles of mothers, or women in general, was to have children. Although most women accepted this role and believed it was their duty to have children, not every woman was pleased with this†¦show more content†¦One common way in which the number of births was limited was by marrying late. Although this provided some reduction in the number of children a woman had, once she was married she would begin to have children at regular interva ls. While in general women during this time period gave birth to many children, social class had an impact on just how many children a mother had. Prior to the nineteenth century, poor women had fewer children than wealthy women even though at the time their role was the same; to procreate. Some reasons as to why wealthy women had more children than poor women include health, loss of husbands, and breast feeding. Poorer women were less likely than wealthy women to have enough to eat. A lack of nutrients could result in amenorrhea and miscarriages as well as other reproductive problems. Also, with the staggering death rates, women were likely to lose their husbands before they reached menopause. While wealthy women would sometimes remarry for economic or social reasons, poor women would commonly remain widows. Finally, wealthy women were likely to put their babies out to wet nurses while poor women would usually nurse their own children. Breast feeding actually reduces fertility after chi ld birth leading to longer intervals between pregnancies for poor women. By the nineteenth century, the role of mothers had not changed in regard to the responsibility of bearing children. However, what did change was their role in decidingShow MoreRelatedProgressive Era Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagesand the impact our amendments have on it, or the impact it has on our amendments? The sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth show great examples of the Progressive Era. The sixteenth shows the political and social change just like the eighteenth amendment . The seventeenth amendment was the outgrowth of the progressive era, leaving the nineteenth amendment to be the political corruption and social change of the era. All of these amendments have differences and deal with different topicsRead MoreAge of Enlightenment and Century5169 Words   |  21 PagesMichelangelo s David and Giacometti s Man Pointing 1947). 3. 82: Compare and contrast the cultural values of the Enlightenment with those of the sixteenth century Northern Renaissance. 4. 84: Compare and contrast the views of Machiavelli and Rousseau on human nature and the relationship between government and the governed. 5. 85: To what extent is the term Renaissance a valid concept for a distinct period in early modern European history? Read MoreThe Agricultural Facets Of Appalachia Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesdrastic change in agriculture drove to place large mammals as working animals to plow fields. With phasing out of hunter-gatherer ontogeny and subsistence farming, gender roles in Native American society began to shift as there was no longer a prominent need for male hunters thus placing, â€Å"women in the forefront of meat production† (429). Gender roles were being altered, while at the same time, the land was being ravished. European and Spanish settlers who arrived in the sixteenth century broughtRead MoreMarriage Is An Institution That Is Important1455 Words   |  6 Pageseffect one another’s evolution. The Eighteenth Century marked a period of changing attitudes of marriage and therefore sex and gender. For centuries before this period, the Catholic Church dominated the domain of marriage, controlling the sex lives and gender roles that existed within this institution. The accepted idea was that marriage was only intended for reproduction purposes and to insure the continuation of the gender roles of society. Women needed marriage to have a place in society to beRead MoreWorld History Final Exam 20131485 Words   |  6 Pagesmajor effects of the Bantu migrations? Diffusion of iron metallurgy across Sub Africa, Bantus language slash burn agriculture 7. Inca and Aztec societies were similar politically how Both expanded empires using the military 8. What economic change or explanation justifies the claim that the late 1400s mark the beginning of a new period in world history? Age of Exploration – – America incorporated into Global Trade Network 9. What is an economic similarity among European colonial empires inRead MoreThose Horrible Middle Ages !1433 Words   |  6 Pagessignificance and role the Renaissance played in formulating this view of the â€Å"Middle Ages†. The term Renaissance (Rinascita) was used for the first time by Vasari in the middle of the 16th century, Pernoud continues, He was saying exactly what he meant, what it still signifies for most people. . . . What are reborn . . . are the classical arts and letters. In the vision, in the mentality of that time (and not only of the 16th century but of the three following centuries), there were twoRead MoreGender Roles Are Not New For History1556 Words   |  7 PagesGender roles are not new to history; they have always been a part of society. Throughout history men have had predetermined roles as well as women. However, these roles have been ever evolving and changing. Society has always confined people of any sexual identity to the cookie cutter roles of gender, whether they fit or not. One thing that has never changed, only multiplied, is the pedestal of sensual appeal that women were thrust upon. While women have almost always served the same purposeRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Children, Adolescents, And Adults1637 Words   |  7 PagesDysphoria (GD) and/or those who define themselves as â€Å"transgendered† (Zuker et al., 2008). Despite this new attention, there is evidence that gender nonconforming individuals have existed in cultures in what would become the United States since the sixteenth century (Beemyn, 2014). However, the nomenclature, legislation, and societal understanding of those who are gender nonconforming have evolved in the United States, and the ways in which transgender identity has been formulated has greatly changed. TheseRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1608 Words   |  7 Pagesclerical practices. In his Ninety-Five Theses, Martin mainly targeted the doctrine of indulgences. Also, Luther argued tha t the relationship between man and God is nurtured by individual faith and subject to no greater authority than the Bible and the person should actively participate in his/her faith. Thus Luther rejected any intermediary authority standing between man and God. A combination of social, cultural and economic factors contributed to the rapid spread of Luther’s ideas in the European societyRead MoreWhat Makes A Marriage A Strong Foundation?1292 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Until recently a person choosing for themselves who to date for many centuries the parents of the spouses chose soul mates for their children. A long time ago affection was uncommon in most marriages; the marriages of the day were primarily economic arrangements.† By the sixteenth hundredth courtly love had change to have sexual involvement between the lady of nobility and her paramour. Sixteen and seventeen hundredth is when people started to value romantic love but still valued to be faithful

The Bank of England and The Chancellor Free Essays

Never again could the Chancellor conflict with the Bank’s recommendation in setting loan fees, as Conservative Chancellors had every so often done (King, 1997). New Labour changed the institutional system in one vital way: it conceded operational control over money related strategy to the recently made Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Bank of England. Strategy lucidity was planned to impact expansion desires and it was prosperous in accomplishing falling inflation regardless falling joblessness both when the 1997 election. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bank of England and The Chancellor or any similar topic only for you Order Now Moreover, New Labour proceeded with the Conservative approach of declaring an inflation target and publicizing the counsel of the Bank of England on the fitting settings for a financial strategy to accomplish the objective.One may expect that the Labour left would not be so fulfilled this was to be sure an issue, as clarified underneath. As (Burnham 2001) has contended, this institutional change tended to the focal issue of â€Å"Old Labour† which had been caught on two sides, â€Å"unfit to meet the exclusive standards of its conventional supporters and exchange association aggressors or persuade budgetary capital of the fidelity of its financial arrangements†. In the money related markets, the government would just lose on the off chance that it looked to go astray from the Bank’s recommendation; alternately, the choice to exchange operational control of loan costs to the Bank secured a prompt vote of certainty from the business sectors.This suggested hitting t he expansion target called for soundness in yield and work around their ‘characteristic’ or â€Å"non-quickening inflation† levels. Allocating an inflation focus to a national bank may give off an impression of being especially in the monetarist custom. While monetarists had favoured a â€Å"decreased frame† record of inflation as dictated by cash supply development, New Keynesians received ‘basic’ models in which a money-related boost would go through the genuine economy to influence firms’ value setting choices. Inflation is demonstrated as the aftereffect of wage value progression caught by Phillips Curves. A few Labour MPs required the Governor’s resignation and trade unions likewise participated in reprimanding the larger part of the MPC for keeping interest costs too high.One choice about the formation of the FSA created debate. In this manner interest rates policy and inflation focusing on turned into the focal means for directing the financial cycle. On the off chance that ‘value strength’ implied resource cost and in addition consumer value dependability, at that point the national bank should address obvious disequilibria, for example, house value bubbles. One issue with this approach concerned the development of benefit costs. This emerged from Labour’s choice to exchange obligation regarding keeping banking supervision from the Bank of England to the FSA. Not long after Labour came to control, the then Governor inferred that activity misfortunes were an adequate cost to pay for checking house value expansion in the south (Wighton and Tighe, 1998). In any case, this contention can be turned on its head: without information of the condition of the monetary markets, the Bank can’t appraise the impact of interests rate change (Goodhart and Schoenmaker, 1995). (Peston 2006) displays the two standard contentions at the time regarding why keeping banking supervision should be exchanged, one in view of specialized viability and the other on bureaucratic governmental issues. Surely the Conservative Chancellor, Nigel Lawson, saw the decision between financial approach focuses on a ‘moment arrange’ choice (Oliver and Pemberton 2004), an appraisal resounded by (Hall 1993). The specialized contention is that the Bank’s money related approach capacity may clash with monetary strength, if, for instance, an ascent in interest rates required for value dependability would put banks or different organizations in financial trouble. If an economic declined lingered, this implied inflation would decrease and loan fees ought to be sliced to empower the economy; on the other hand, if the economy seemed to be overheating, interest rates would go up. How to cite The Bank of England and The Chancellor, Papers

Marine benthic sediment analysis Essay Example For Students

Marine benthic sediment analysis Essay We have research on alang ship breking yard, We would like to know about current research papers or bibiliogrphy on sediment as well as sea water analysis and pollution refrances. pls, send me. Alang is about 60 k.m. away from Bhavnagar on way to Talaja on the Southern coast of Saurashtra (Gujarat). A ship breaking yard was started in February 1983 on the coast of Alang and further near Sosiya. The ships were of different types :Oil tankers, cargo ships, war ships, research vessels, containers ships and many other types. During the ship breaking activity, at least some of the scraps in one form or other fall into the seawater and get degraded or remain as such. Some of it is dragged away with every successive tide while other remains on shore or in the intertidal area. There is a need to study the complex coastal processes operating in this region, especially suspended sediment distribution, current pattern and tidal fluxes. Bibliography:

Improving Organizational Retention

It is possible to identify several models that can be applied to this case. For example, one can mention motivation-hygiene or two factor theory introduced by Frederick Herzberg. This scholar identifies two groups of factors that affect a person’s attitude toward his/her job.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Improving Organizational Retention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One should first focus on the so-called motivators such as recognition, opportunities for professional development, and opportunities for promotion (Sheldrake, 2003, p. 153). They are important for increasing a person’s satisfaction with his/her job and making him/her more motivated. In turn, there are hygiene factors such salary, work conditions, or schedule. They do not make an individual more committed to a particular organization (Sheldrake, 2003, p. 153). However, if the management disregards these issues, the workers of a b usiness can become dissatisfied with their job. This theory can be useful for explaining this case. It should be kept in mind that the management of JC’s Casino increased the wages of employees, but many of them chose to leave this organization. So, this example confirms Herzberg’s assumption, according to which compensation does not increase an individual’s satisfaction with his/her work. The supporters of this approach may say that the management should focus on the factors that are called satisfiers; for example, one can speak about opportunities for promotion. Furthermore, it is possible to speak about equity theory introduced by Stacey Adam. This model implies that employees are more likely to be satisfied with their work if they believe that their compensation reflects their individual effort (Anderson, 2001, p. 55). In turn, workers are more likely to feel discontent, if they believe that other people receive a preferential treatment (Anderson, 2001, p. 5 5). This theory can also be helpful for explaining this case, since some employees in JC’s Casino occupy a privileged position even though they do not display good results. In particular, it is possible to speak about the pit boss Joe who is the step-son of the owner. There are several stressors that should not be overlooked by the management. For example, one should speak about the behavior of Joe. He is described as an incompetent and overbearing person. This individual might have forced many dealers to leave the casinos. It is possible that these people do want to accept him as a manager.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the HR managers should first determine if these accusations are true. One should not forget that many people, who choose to quit any company, can accuse the managers of various misdeeds. So, one should take such accusations for granted. H owever, if these claims are confirmed, HR managers should not disregard this issue. In particular, they should inform the owner about Joe’s behavior. It may be necessary to find a new employee who will act as a pit boss. The problem is that people may lose their commitment to an organization, if they have to deal with a manager who bullies or humiliates them. It is possible that a new pit boss will be able to motivate employees and make them more committed to the goals set by this organization. This is one of the recommendations that can be made. Another stressor that should be considered is role ambiguity. In other words, employees do not always know what kind of responsibilities they will be asked to assume. For instance, some full-time employees, who work in accounting departments, have to clean-up the rooms. Yet, at the same, they have to be diverted from their direct duties. Under such circumstances, people can believe that they cannot cope with each of the tasks that ar e assigned to them. As a result, they may experience stress. In order to overcome this challenge, the managers should develop a new schedule and hire new employees to ensure that the casino is sufficiently staffed. Apart from that, they need to develop an orientation program which is supposed to meet the needs of new hires. They should understand the performance standards that are set for them. Moreover, these people should be warned about the main pitfalls that they should avoid in the future. These are the main suggestions that can be put forward. Overall, in this case, Frederick Herzberg might have been helpful because the difficulties faced by JC’s Casinos can be explained by hygiene factors and absence of motivators. Overall, job satisfaction is critical for service organizations like casinos. Such companies are very concerned with the growing turnover of employees (Biolsi 2008, p. 123). As a rule, this turnover increases their operational expenses because they need to s pend more money on training and recruitment (Biolsi 2008, p. 123). Moreover, employees’ attitudes toward their work can affect customer relations management. For instance, clients can be dissatisfied with the services of a casino, if they have to interact with employees who have lost their motivation. This is why the role of job satisfaction should not be dismissed. Overall, this casino can improve retention in several ways.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Improving Organizational Retention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First of all, they can implement a performance appraisal system that can take into account the individual contribution of every worker. These people should see that the compensation accurately reflects their performance. Furthermore, the management should promote employees if they consistently show good results. This strategy may enable the management to address its HR problems. It shou ld be mentioned that motivated and satisfied workers can improve retention in a casinos. For example, experienced employees can act as mentors and they help new hires adjust to the requirements of employers (Biolsi 2008, p. 123). These people attract the attention of new employees to the major difficulties that they will need to overcome. Provided that a company lacks such professionals, it will not be able to retain new workers. In the long-term, this casino may not remain competitive. This is why the role of job satisfaction should not be overlooked by managers. Judging from this case study, the employees of this casino can be engaged in a counter-productive behavior. For example, they may do the work which is not directly related to their job. As it has been said before, some employees, who work in payroll or accounting departments, can be asked to do room cleaning. Therefore, they cannot do the tasks that best fit the education and skills. There are several alternatives that are available to the management. For example, they can hire new employees to make sure that the casino is adequately staffed. Furthermore, it is possible to say that the demand for the services of JCs casino has seasonal variations. Therefore, the management should focus on the development of a schedule that can reflect these seasonal variations. Overall, these examples suggest that employee retention is critical for effective performance of casinos. In order to recruit and retain employee, one should focus on aspects as performance evaluation methods, role clarity, work conditions, and promotion opportunities. This case is useful because it exemplifies some of the common HR problems faced by service organizations such as casinos. Reference List Anderson, N. (2001). Handbook of Industrial, Work Organizational Psychology:Â  Volume 2: Organizational Psychology. New York, NY: Sage. Biolsi, T. (2008). A Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons,Adv ertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sheldrake, J. (2003). Management Theory. New York, NY: Cengage Learning EMEA. This essay on Improving Organizational Retention was written and submitted by user The198 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Kahn and Verifiability

Kahn and Verifiability Introduction Thomas Samuel Khun’s contribution to philosophy remains a significant milestone in nursing (and by extension, the field of science). Khun introduced the concept of â€Å"paradigm shift† in mainstream science by suggesting that scientific models undergo paradigm shifts (periodically) and therefore, the notion that scientific models develop in a linear manner is untrue.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kahn and Verifiability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this regard, Khun suggests that science cannot solely rely on objectivity but rather, by considering subjective aspects of the discipline as well (Klemke, Hollinger, Rudge, 1998). This paper analyzes Khun’s philosophy by evaluating how it revolutionized the philosophy of science. This paper also highlights how Khun’s philosophies helped the nursing practice, as opposed to hindering it. Finally, this paper evaluates if fals ification or verifiability provides a stable criterion for science, and if it is possible to have a significant statement without either of the two processes. How Khun Revolutionized the Philosophy of Science Khun’s contribution to science stretches through his achievements in the field. As explained above, one such achievement was his introduction of the concept of â€Å"paradigm shift,† not as an absolute operative principle of science but rather, as an important principle of science (Klemke, et al., 1998). Khun developed his principles by conducting a critical analysis of different individuals at MIT and Harvard. From these analyses, he opposed perverted science as â€Å"absolute as Baconian as over humanities idea† (Klemke, et al., 1998, p. 15). This was a good contribution of science. From these contributions, Khun remains a key figure of the dialectic in epistemology. How Khun’s Contribution helped Nursing Khun’s contribution to nursing stems from the revolutionary theory and its contribution to nursing. For many years, researchers held the opinion that nursing resembles revolutionary development models in other sciences (Dahnke Dreher, 2011). However, Khun changed this philosophy by evaluating different perceptions of health events in nursing and proposing that the existence of a single paradigm is unacceptable in the field. Many scholars accepted his view because nursing works by helping and caring for people who present different dynamics in care delivery. Therefore, Khun’s contribution has helped the nursing practice (as oppose to hindering it) because his views accommodated varying patient dynamics in nursing models (especially concerning the changing attitudes and different cultural dynamics influencing care delivery).Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Falsification or Verification Khun’s arg ument of the functions of a scientific test mainly compares with Popper’s view on the same. Karl Popper was a respected philosopher but he greatly differed with Khun because he proposed that only falsification ensures the validity and reliability of scientific tests. Khun however maintained that scientific tests are supposed to affirm verification (as opposed to falsification) (Klemke, et al., 1998). Khun proposed that verification resembled â€Å"natural selection† in modern science because it established how the fitness of a theory is determined. Therefore, in a historical context, the process of verification identifies the most viable theory (among a pool of other similar theories). Khun meant that by verifying a theory, a scientist would easily establish the accuracy of a theory in defining reality. Therefore, contrary to proponents of falsification, Khun advocated for verifiability as the main criterion for evaluating theories. However, his assertions bore signifi cant flaws. Indeed, it is crucial to highlight why it is vital to eliminate the concept of verifiability because not all scientific evolutions gravitate towards an understandable goal of corresponding to reality. In fact, Khun agreed with scientists who considered this view to be unwarranted (Klemke, et al., 1998). Therefore, for any scientist to comprehend the dependability of a theory, they have to evaluate how it compares with falsification. Scientists deliberately use falsification for evaluating scientific paradigms because it is the only logical possible test for scientific selection (Klemke, et al., 1998). The criterion of falsification is therefore the missing link to Khun’s argument because a scientific theory differs from an ideological model because its hypotheses are amenable to falsification.  From the intrigues surrounding the debate of falsification and verification, it is safe to acknowledge the possibility of having a significant statement without verifying it. Measuring the falsification of a theory is therefore the main measure of understanding scientific paradigms. Therefore, based on the understanding of Khan’s flaw, falsification is a more suitable criterion of science. Consequently, scientists may make a significant scientific statement without verifying it. Conclusion After weighing the findings of this paper, it is crucial to acknowledge the contributions of Khun in science. His contribution to science also mirrors his contribution to nursing because his introduction of the concept of â€Å"paradigm shift† accommodates varying patient dynamics that occur in nursing. Patient dynamics manifest as a crucial factor in this analysis because nursing mainly focuses on caring for patients.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kahn and Verifiability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this regard, Khun’s contribution to nursing has helped the discipline , as opposed to hindering it. However, because not all scientific theories gravitate towards an understandable goal of corresponding with reality, falsification stands out as the more stable criterion for science. Therefore, it is possible to have a significant scientific paradigm without verifying it. References Dahnke, M. D Dreher, H. M. (2011). Philosophy of science for nursing practice:  concepts and application. New York: Springer. Klemke, E.D., Hollinger, R. Rudge. (1998). Introductory reading in the philosophy  of science (3rd ed). New York: Prometheus Books.

Homeland security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Homeland security - Research Paper Example Lives and properties were also lost to this collapse as people that plied that route during that fateful day lost their cars, lives to the collapse; some people also sustained injuries. The I-35 W bridge was built in 1967 and its collapse has exposed the vulnerability of other infrastructures to destruction and it has aroused everybody’s consciousness about the neglect of some key structural designs as regards their pending failure, it has further made the respective authorities to closely monitor and regularly inspect these infrastructures in order to guard against their failure (Subramanian, 2008). It is imperative to look into the collapse of this bridge and investigate the causes of the bridge and check whether the disaster could have been averted by taking precautionary measures. The events that followed the collapse of the bridge would also be closely monitored vis-Ã  -vis the response of the emergency management team in ensuring that the amount of casualties was reduced to a minimum. The findings gotten in this paper would help prevent future occurrence of infrastructural destruction and it would ultimately improve the response of the emergency unit in managing situations such as the one that befell the state of Minneapolis in 2007 as we seek to ensure adequate and effective disaster planning and management. There have been warnings concerning the imminent collapse of the 1,900-ft long I-35 W Bridge in Minneapolis as several experts had cautioned the authorities on the likelihood of the disaster. The unfortunate incident occurred on the 1st of August, 2007, just a few minutes past six, the Interstate highway with eight lanes crumbled inside the Mississippi River, plunging people into the Mississippi River and separating them from their vehicles. People and vehicles were displaced around the north and south ends of the bridge. The I-35 W Bridge collapse became a

Life Histories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Life Histories - Essay Example Hospice workers are actually regarded as the doorway to an end-of-life healthcare system in that includes all practitioner including the nurses, doctors, counselors and chaplains. This idea is mainly observed by the society because most of the patients in hospice organization include patients that are elderly, in comatose or in crucial near-death health condition. Thus, people usually believe that hospice cares are actually health system for people who do not have any more hope for betterment. However, on the contrary to the common belief, hospice care still gives patients hope and strength to struggle for survival and alleviate their adverse health conditions. For patients who are struggling old age and only enduring their last moments in life, other principles are being applied by hospice workers towards their health care system. Thus, hospice health care becomes an important aspect in general care-giving system because of its significance and value for patients who are in serious and critical health conditions. A counselor is mainly a part of the health care system that handles psychological evaluation and gives out support at the same time while aiding the health system of the patient. For a hospice counselor, supporting the patient in psychological and emotional aspects are very much important since it is expected that the patient is already going through tumultuous depression due to his or her health condition. To better understand the concepts of the principles used and applied by the hospice counselor, the writer interviewed Sandi Sunter, a hospice counselor in the Hospice of the Florida Suncoast for already twenty years. When asked the question "How would you describe the nature of your work" he kindly replied that, "dealing with patients in hospice homes is very much emotional and requires lots of patients and understanding." Regarding the principles in hospice healthcare, the writer asked "What are the common human change principles you are using in dealing with your patients in your hospice institutions" To answer this inquiry, Sunter replied that: "Most of the patient already started to give up on their health system thus further aggravating their medical condition. Counselor must be able to give these kinds of patient further psychological and emotional assistance by comforting them through psychosocial component. Some of them provide spiritual comforting others emotional support a nd most of them must always be available for their patients. These patients commonly face fears of losing and dying thus counselor must be present for their patient to rekindle their flame of hope to continue struggling through their health care medication and treatment." In addition, for other kinds of patients who are struggling through their old age with their remaining time of their life, other approaches must be used in dealing with them. According to Sunter, most of the patients in this class have already accepted the fact that their deaths are already impending thus they only wish to enjoy their remaining moments. This will be the point where counselor should come in. They must always assure that they wish of their patients must be met and be able to give their patients supports for them to enjoy their remaining time. Hospice health care is actually a major turning point in the life of their

Traditional And Contemporary Japanese Graphic Design Cultural Studies Essay

Traditional And Contemporary Japanese Graphic Design Cultural Studies Essay This could be just a regular day in Japan: kimonos and mobile phones, traditional ceremonies ending at fast food restaurants, expensive branded handbags, and totally packed trains. (Kozak Wiedman, p. 16) Japan has always been a progressive part of the world. Not only in the field of graphic design, but also in design generally, in technological process, in science etc. They have always been and always will be one step forward from the western world. We can only guess why it happened and when it started. The result of what kind of influence could lead to such exceptional anomaly? It might be cultural aspects: the Japanese culture is one of the kind, unique and sometimes indescribable. You cannot find anything similar or even alike in any other culture in the world. It always contains gargantuan spiritual message. It might be a harmony, which is the most respectable value in Japan in almost all spheres of activity. Maybe it is the other way of perception things, different mentality, which is based on parenting and surroundings and that in turn creates diverse individual personality and helps to build face of society in general. All of the above establish chain links where are one depen ds on another and every each of them influence one other. (Kozak Wiedman, pp. 15-22) I was always admired by the Japanese progression and it always inspired me not only in a creative way but also in a way of lifestyle. This pushed me to choose the theme of my dissertation: Contemporary Japanese Graphic Design is direct extension of Japanese Prints (Ukiyo-e) of the end of 18th the beginning of 19th century. I started to think if the contemporary Japanese graphic design is inspired and influenced by old examples of Traditional Japanese graphics. How deep is this inspiration and how Japanese people themselves perceive the progression of design, because for the western mentality it is something unbelievable extraordinary and conceptual? It is well known that the respect for the traditional Japanese art among artists not only in Japan, but all over the world is very deep, but for Japanese society it is extreme. And it is seen in most of the contemporary graphic design pieces: deep appreciation and honor to be a part of it. (Kozak Wiedman, pp. 15-22) Further I will try to answer questions to describe the current situation in relative to the perception of the traditional graphics and contemporary graphic design: study history of traditional Japanese graphic design, critically analyze it try to understand the most important aspects of life and try to grasp the essence of themes graphics and the main streams and details in the paintings of artists choose two traditional artists who worked in different genres and critically analyze their life and work study evolution of contemporary graphic design and identify mainstream chose the sphere of the graphic design which more correspond to traditional Japanese graphics choose several designers who perform in genre of graphic design investigate their life and works compare contemporary graphic design with traditional Japanese prints and detect influence and understand how current designers are inspired by Japanese old prints and techniques how deep is this influence In my dissertation I will try to prove that nowadays designers from Japan are very much influenced and inspired by the works of traditional graphic artists and that this influence is very deep and broad or I will refute this fact. History of Japanese Traditions and culture. Until modern times, the Japanese wrote with the brush rather than a pen and their familiarity with brush techniques has made them particularly sensitive to painterly values. They found sculpture a much less sympathetic medium for artistic expression. (Pioch, 2002) Japanese art started to develop sometime in the tenth millennium BC. For the long period of time, Japanese managed to develop the ability to absorb and assimilate different elements of foreign cultures which have been brought from the continent. They succeeded not only to implement these specific features in their own culture, but also to create new, based on their experience from this contact. (Pioch, 2002) Buddhism had a Dramatic impact on Japanese culture and traditions. It was introduced to Japan by travelers and visitors of China and Korea. Together with religion several art techniques as the design of pottery and metal vases, more advanced methods of casting in bronze and also new techniques and mediums for paintings were brought from continent. The religion became a very important factor in contact and relationships between Japan, Korea, China and whole Asian continent. (Hooker, 1996; Pioch, 2002) First Ukiyo-e emerged in the middle of the 17 century in the city named Edo, which is now turned into famous and eccentric Tokyo. Everything was concentrated in Edo: politics, art, religion, this city was a centre of Japanese development. The Japanese art has always been characterized by unique polarities: simple content of images and a very deep and controversial meaning. The main topic of art in that period were pleasures of life, in fact the whole name of the art stream Ukiyo-e can be understand as pictures of the floating world. As the art at that era was the prerogative of the upper class which can afford to buy original paintings the artists themselves wanted the lower classes to be involved in the art life of the society. So, the special technique was introduced in Japan that time. The woodblock prints were very popular and inexpensive so, everyone could buy them. The essence of woodblock prints laid in the copying of original art work with the help of woodcuts, and that is wh y it is called Japanese prints. One of the most important and popular motif of art at that time was an image of soldier and war theme. The popularity of this flow started from Onin war, which took place between years of 1466 and 1467 and was one of the most devastating civil wars in 15th century. During the 16th century the new historical order was established in Japan by two misfires of the country Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who started an early Modern Age in Japan. In art this time period is called Momoyama period. The main motifs of traditional Japanese art which started to appear in Momoyama art period were: landscapes paintings, images of flowers and animals in different season of the year, scenes from every day city life, the pictures of historical events, unusual views of famous places, tea-houses visits, geishas images, motif of bijin-ga which can be encrypted as portraits of beautiful women, erotic pictures and also a heavy demand for scenes of brothels and theaters was touched in the paintings. One of the most well-known entertainments for public was theatre where the Kabuki performance was held. Kabuki means song-dance-art and it was founded by Izumo no Okuni. Kabuki was presented by men in kimonos who danced in traditional style for Japan. This performance was very popular among public and generated Kabuki-mono dance. This trend was copied by prostitutes who danced on the street and in the brothels to attract new clients. With time Kabuki-mono dance became an art, and upper class prostitutes and courtesans, who owned this art to perfection, could be very expensive. This trend generated with time the new flow, only Geishas can perform the Kabuki-mono dance and only them had a right to do that. This phenomenon had a heavy impact on artists and at that period the pictures of geishas, courtesans and Kabuki dance actors became very popular stream which stayed in the Japanese art for several centuries. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 10-36) UTAMARO KITAGAWA 1753-1806. The man who loved women: this was Kitawaga Utamaro. It would be hard to think of an artist more intent on the opposite sex. Or one who left more images of women working, wating, arranging their faces, combing their hair, readying themselves for the day performance (or the nights trade) or simple thinking, feeling, watchingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Laure Cumming (Guardian News and Media Limited, 2010) There are not much known facts about Utamaro, he was born around 1753 probably in province named Musashi. After his father death, young artist moved to Edo. After some time in year 1775 he joined the studio of a painter Seiken, who might be his relative. He stayed there for 7 years. In year 1780 he was discovered by a leading publisher at that time Tsutaya Juzaburo, who recognized his talent and entranced him to Yoshiwara, which at that time was a rendezvous for artists and poets. Two years later Utamaro signed the contract with Juzaburo and together they published several book illustrations, which made Kitagawa famous At the same time he changed his name from his original name Ichitaro Kitagawa to Utamaro Kitagawa and under this name he became popular (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-230; Artelino GmbH, 2010). His style became completed and built only in 1790s. He had conquered the field of Ukiyo-e with his bejin-gas. In 1793 Utamaro started to work on his most famous erotic graphics paintings of women from Yoshivwara (Glenn, 2010). He was truly inspired by female body Kiyonga graceful and elegant female type, which he surrounded with a mist of eroticism. Utamaro was one of a kind his style was unique; he was the very first artist that time who started to picture women more realistic, without lying (Artelino GmbH, 2010). His works contain very good composition, easy command techniques; he used silver and gold powder and different paintings styles in his art works (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-230). Utamaro was a master of half-tones; his colors run from black and white to all shades of grey, umber, soft ochre and plum. It is seems, he was dreaming while painting. He played with silhouettes shadows illusions and reality. The way Kitagawa portrayed prostitutes and courtesans is contains as much dignity as his portraits of aristocrats (Guardian News and Media Limited, 2010). Even thought he portrayed his women more realistic than any artist before, he liked to idealize them. His women are taller and slimmer than they really were. Indeed his graphic painters looked like nowadays fashion magazine photos (Artelino GmbH, 2010). One of the most meaningful and important works of his life was a pillow-book E-hon Utamakura published in year 1788. It is said to be the most sophisticated work of an erotic graphic at that time in Japan. Utamara was the most successful and well-known author of the beautiful women motifs. He showed women with deep sensitivity and respect as no one before him. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 200-230) KATSUSHIKA HOKUSAI (1760-1849). From the age of six I had a mania for drawing the shapes of things. When I was fifty I had published a universe of designs, but all I have done before the age of seventy is not worth bothering with. At seventy five Ill have learned something of the pattern of nature, of animals, of plants, of trees, birds, fish and insects. When I am eighty you will see real progress. At ninety I shall have cut my way deeply in to the mystery of life itself. At a hundred I shall be a marvelous artist. At a hundred and ten everything I create; a dot, a line, will jump to life as never before. To all of you, who are going to live as long, as I do, I promise to keep my word. I am writing this in my old age. I used to call myself Hokosai, but today I sign myself The Old Man Mad about Drawing. Katsushika Hokusai (Andreas.com, 2010) One of the greatest artists of the Japanese prints was born on 12 of October in 1760 in the city of Edo, which is now known as city of Tokyo. History did not tell us anything about his real parents, in age of 3, Katsushika was adopted by Nakajime Ise, mirror maker (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-178). Work of his new father included paintings and design around mirrors, and this was a real inspiration for small Hokusai and pushed him closely to art. During his artistic life, he changed his name at least 30 times; probably it was a trend for artists of that time (Katsushikahokusai.org, 2010). Small Katsushika started to pain in age of 6 years old, in age of 12 his father send him to work in the public library, where he was reading a lot and where he firstly was introduced to Ukiyo-e, Japanese prints. In 1775 Hokusai started to study at the art school of Katsukawa Shunsho, who had been a master of ukiyo-e (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-178). He spent about 19 years in this art studio, after what, he was fired because he started to attend another art school, called Kano, and that was a well known fact. Later he had changed his school again and again, and each time he had been choosing a new name (Glenn, 2010). His first work was published in 1779, it was a picture of actor, he published it under the name Shumo, and three years after his first big project appeared, it were illustrations of the book-novel. During his studying he was very inspired by European art and, what is more important by Chinese historical art and after, he was known like a Japans expert on Chinese paintings. One of the most well known of his works is woodblock print series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji (1831), where we can found most famous and recognized in the whole world print called The Great Wave of Kanagawa, which was produced during the 1820 (Katsushikahokusai.org, 2010). World know this series as a thirty six illustration work, but originally, before the series were published author included ten more prints. In his work all spectrum of Ukiyo-e art can be found: picture books, books of anecdotes, erotic books, individual prints, surimono, illustrations of verse and historical romances, paintings, sketches etc. (Japanese prints). Katsushika passed away after a very productive life; he left more than 30  000 works which included: woodblocks prints, silk paintings, erotic illustrations, picture books, sketches, manga and travel illustrations (Andreas.com, 2010). His manner of work is known to be as a very realistic one; his main themes were everyday life, people in nature life, animals, nature, plants, landscapes and mythological scenes. Katsushika was a very productive and active person this can be seen though his art work and paintings. During his life he had changed his home more than 93 times, he was married twice, become a father of several children. Hokusai brought a new greatness to Ukiyo-e art (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-178). CONTEMPRORY GRAPHIC DESIGN intro Graphic design has been introduced to our everyday life long time ago, so song we cant even see it now. Everything we are surrounded with television, advertising, internet, web pages, faces of the companies, packaging and more is a graphic design, we live in it, we surrounded by it, we cannot imaging our life without it. Japan is probably a center of this circle, of contemporary graphic design life. Many mainstreams of contemporary graphic design are coming from Japan. It is Mecca for many graphic designers. Here you can found the most bold and bright ways of introducing graphic design to life. Tokyo is seen from abroad as a gigantic bright and never-sleeping city. As Japan itself for foreigners it is a mystery and unpredictability, which they could never found at home. Everything in Japan exists in a form of harmonized polarity. And this kind of polarity can be found not only in graphic design and art, but in everyday life. Because of island situation, Japan is very hard to see with your own eyes and ever harder to discover. Japan is a country of contact, where everything happens simultaneously. Japanese traditional culture is originally based on a simplicity, harmony and sensitivity, which is based on the respect for balance, the perfect example for that would be the Japanese language itself the hieroglyphs, which combine all the features so important not only for the Japanese culture but what is more meaningful for the people of Japan. Same simplicity can be seen in traditional Japanese art forms as Kabuki mono dance, and Ukiyo-e woodcut graphic prints. In contrast ther e is another flow which is very popular in Japan nowadays bright, colorful, brush and busy style, mainly influenced by Manga comic books and Anime animated movies. The existing and using of four different languages in speaking and writing in Japanese culture make the possibilities of combination of different symbols far more richer for Japanese designers than for any others. (KozakWiedman, pp. 15-22) KENYA HARA 1958. Design is like a fruit of a tree. In product design vehicles and refrigerators are the fruit. Design functions from the perspective of how to produce a good fruit. If you look at the tree from some distance, you see next to the tree that bears the fruit and then the soil in which the tree stands. Important to the whole process of creation good fruit is the condition of the soil. Kenya Hara (The Designers Review of Books, 2009) Kenya Hara was born in 1958 in Tokyo, he represents new generation of designers born in post World War two periods in Japan and raised in the 1960-1970 when the nation transformed from a heavily militaristic Asian society with feudal roots in to a new developing power of the world (Dezeen, 2010). Kenya Hara is not only a great graphic designer, but more importantly he is a thinker, philosopher and orator. According to his words, the main aim of design is not design itself, but a concept and perception. Before created something, you have to understand and realize what are the reasons and functions and features of what is supposed to be created (Theme Magazine, 2008). From the beginning of his art career he was searching for the meaning and purpose of his work. He wanted to find his design methodology which would define his design life and he recently found his life principles. He claims that his methodology is inspired by traditional graphics of Japanese masters of Japanese prints Ukiyo-e (Core77, Inc., 2010). He incorporated traditional Japanese art culture to contemporary graphic design through his works. One of many examples would be the designing of Nagano Winter Olympics opening and closing ceremonies, where he tried to show the essence beauty and spirit of Japanese culture to those who came abroad of forget about their roots (Moleskine, 2010). Kenya developed his unique methodology, which is based on notions of emptiness, minimalism, escapist colours and archaic form. He advocates simplicity in design, and most of his work is done exclusively in white colour, he insists that: White is a colour, from which colour has escaped, but its diversity is boundless. According to him, the emptiness in design is dramatic in contrast with western perception of this idea Japanese would argue that emptiness is a chance for probability it is not defined and this concept goes far deep into Buddhism and Zen concept (Core77, Inc., 2010; Bigin Japan 2010). One of the greatest examples of his perception of art is his book published 2007 Designing Design, which is the translation into English of his book Design of Design, which was published in Japan in 2003 and received several Awards (Moleskine, 2010). One of the main purposes of translating this book into English was according to the author to show and introduce unique Japanese culture and its concepts to Western world and to bring closer Western world to Japan. Now Kenya Hara is a professor at the Musashino Art University in Tokyo and Art Director of Muji (a brand with no-brand policy) since 2002. He is interested in travel and deepening his concept of perception, so he can bring those new ideas into his art work. YAYOI KUSAMA 1929. One day I was looking at the red flower patterns of the tablecloth on the table and when I looked up, I saw the same pattern covering the ceiling, the windows, and the walls, and finally all over the room, my body and the universe. I felt as if I had began to self-obliterate, to revolve in the infinity of endless time and the absoluteness of space, and be reduced to nothingness. As I realized it was actually happening and not just in my imagination, I was frightenedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Yayoi Kusama (McShane Eliason, 2010) She was born on 22 of March in 1929 in Matsumoto City in Japan (Gagosian Gallery, 2010). According to her words, her mother was extremely violent and hated to see her painting, she beat her almost every day and destroyed many of her first paintings. Yayoi started to see hallucinations since she was ten years old and that was the time she started to paint. She ran away from her family to study art in Kyoto, but she found her school to conservative out of touch with reality of modern art. So, she did not really attend classes, she used to paint in dormitory instead (Bomb Magazine, 2010). She also studied Nihonga panting rigorous formal style developed during the Meiji period (1868-1912) ( Gagosian Gallery, 2010 ). At the same period of her life she began to receive psychiatric treatment. In one of her interviews, Yayoi claims that she tried to cure her disease by translating her hallucinations and fear of hallucinations into paintings (Bomb Magazine, 2010). In 1957 Kusama moved to New York, where she started a new life. She stayed in USA for next 10 years and was broadly recognized as genius artist not only among critics and colleagues, but also she was rediscovered by public (Kusama, 2007). She produced astonishing number of works; among them we can found not only paintings, but also sculptures, collages, photo-collages, installations, performances, graphic design, fashion design and even film. She could not be defined as artist of particular style or rubric, as she does not fit in any of the categories. Many connoisseurs of art tried to put her in categories like pop art, minimalism, post minimalism etc., but she is everything and nothing, she is unique (The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1998). The pumpkins and flowers are one of her iconic motifs, which she likes to paint using polka dots and nets. She was often called by paparazzi while living in New York Polka Dot girl (Switchedonart.com, 2010; Gagosian Gallery, 2010). Main themes of her works have always been Infinity, partly due to her disease, which she has been fighting all of her life, and partly due to her philosophy of art and life. Philosophy, which is in my opinion had been influenced by traditional Japan philosophy, Japan culture and mentality. All of this surrounded her since her childhood and had a huge impact on her life and art work, even if she does not want to recognize this fact. In one of her interviews she said that she has never been influenced and inspired by anything, but in practice it is almost impossible as the whole world affect us and our creativity (Kusama, 2007; Bomb Magazine, 2010). In year 1973 Yayoi returned to Japan. Since then she is living in hospital, still creating unique pieces of art and trying to fight her disease (The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1998). COMPARING. To prove my initial argument about inspiration of contemporary graphic design artists of Japan by traditional Japanese masterpieces Ukiyo-e from end of 18th beginning of 19th century I decided to compare work of Katsushika Hokusai 36 views of mount Fuji: The South Wind Dispels the Clouds and work of Kenya Hara MUJI Horizon (Uyuni Salt Lake; poster). 36 views of mount Fuji by Hokusai Katsushika is a series of woodblock prints where the Fuji Mountain is portrayed from different viewpoints. The particular painting I have chosen is named The South Wind Dispels the Clouds it is regarded not only as Hokusais masterpiece, but the masterpiece of art among all Japanese woodcut prints. The mountain on this picture symbolized tranquility, equanimity, spirituality, stability, harmony, balance as the mountain is still and the life around it flows without stresses and live all problems and questions behind. You can find there place without fear and doubts; you can find your soul up in the mountain. Hokusai creates a mist of soft clouds which are dispelled by the wind as a symbol of the disappearance of all the extraneous thought and lives you in a state of meditation. The artist uses soft pastel colour and russet tones to high light the softness of clouds. The simple diagonal composition with a lot of space around mountain personifies the mai n idea of a picture harmony and emptiness as an idea of endless possibilities. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 99-109) The project Muji horizon by Kenya Hara is a series of posters which took the artist to the Mongolian prairies and Bolivian salt lakes, where photographer Tamotsu Fujii captured these memorable billboard images of emptiness and possibility. And this idea of emptiness and possibility is a design philosophy of Kenya Hara. I have chosen this work because it is also a series like 36 views of mount Fuji by Hokusai Katsushika. In this poster we can find a small figure on an empty landscape as symbol of a soul seeking for harmony and balance. As if in the work of Hokusai you already have found the balance and tranquility, but on the poster of Kenya Hara you are on the way to that calmness and harmony. The composition is again very simple and static as on the 36 views of mount Fuji, but it is horizontal, and the presence of space is valuable. The idea of emptiness and possibility is very important to Hara and comparing these two works we can defiantly say that Hara is inspired by the philosop hy and work of traditional Japanese art masters. (Dezeen, 2010) To prove my argument I also would like to compare two other works, which are in contrast are not that obviously alike. For my second analyses I have chosen Woman Playing a Poppin by Kitigawa Utamaro and The Polka Dots by Yayoi Kusama. Woman Playing a Poppin by Kitigawa Utamaro. We can see, like almost always, beautiful women playing on Poppin, which was obviously some traditional Japan musical instrument. Woman has a typical Japan face, hair and dress, which is portrayed with using a pattern. Woman is showed to us in normal everyday life. The composition is simple and vertical; we can see just a woman, nothing more without any other details. It is very harmoniously. The drapery of dress softly creates a nice, playful line. The face is very calm and is portrayed in very easy way, just line. The line is very important in this kind of prints. I think, by the idea of artist, the first thing you see is a pattern and dress and only later the face. (Fahr-Becker, pp. 173-230) On picture by Yayoi Kusama The Polka Dots we can see self-portrait where she is using a pattern of polka dots everywhere, on wall, on chair, even to her dress to show that same pattern unifies everything together into one seamless and harmonious element. It is her obsession, same like an obsession of Utamaro with beautiful women bijin ga and with patterns too, which he used on dresses and not just on them. We can see calm and peaceful expression of her face, like on Utamaros woman. The composition is very similar too, it is simply and vertical. In the work by Yayoi Kusama we can also see the line as a one of the main structural elements on the picture, but in contrast with Utamaros picture it is hidden within the dance of polka dots. As on the Woman Playing a Poppin by Kitigawa Utamaro, in the work of Kusama first we see the pattern and only later we recognize the face of the lady presented on the picture. So, it is seem like Yoayami was somehow inspired by Japanese traditional art. May be it is not that obvious like in the Kenyas Hara works but probably she was also inspired by the traditional Japanese prints, and even though it is hard to see the spirit of tradition can be found in her so modern and Pop art works. (Kusama, 2007) CONCLUSION. In the process of the research I have deepen my knowledge about history of Japan, culture, traditions, Japanese traditional art and Japanese Prints of 18-19 century Ukiyo-e. I have discovered amazing Japanese painters, found out more about their life, career, work, habits, obsessions and art path. One of the most entertaining parts of my work has been exploring different techniques and methods, which were used by the painters in Japan. In the process of my study I learned what were the main themes and trends which were popular among painters of Ukiyo-e in the end of 18th century and beginning of 19th century. The same I can say about the second part of my study. I discovered many talented and sophisticated contemporary Japanese designers and other artists. I have become acquainted with a lot of new names in the field of contemporary graphic design, with their art works. From this long list of interesting artists and designers I have chosen two absolutely different creators. I was introduced to the new beautiful complicated astonishing world of their ideas and philosophy. In particular I was amazed by the works, ideas and concepts of Kenya Hara, which are very close to my perception of perfect concept for the successful, functional and outstanding design. This person has become one of my tutors not only in my creative life, but also in my life path. As a conclusion of my work I would like to express my opinion on the inspiration of contemporary graphic designers by the traditional Japanese art. I was convinced by all the facts that the traditional Japanese masterpieces as Japanese history culture and religion have huge impact on the inspiration and creativity of contemporary graphic designers. I am sure that many of Japanese designers are inspired by the traditional art and philosophy, consciously or unconsciously. And even if some of them would not admit it we still can find a elusive elements and more in the techniques, using of colour, motifs, themes and etc. Nowadays in the beginning of 21 century we are still admired and inspired by old master pieces, their perfection, deep meaning and philosophical question which are raised in them. So, how the contemporary graphic design would look like in a 22 century when artists would be inspired by us, and if they would?

Social Perception, and Attribution, and Individual Decision Making

Social Perception, and Attribution, and Individual Decision Making Perception is the process of receiving information about and making sense of world around us. It involves deciding which information notice, how to categorize this information and how to interpret it within the framework of existing knowledge. Another definition of perception is â€Å"A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment†.We can summarize the perception with this sentence â€Å"We don’t see the things as they are, we see things as we are†. Why is perception important in the study of Organizational Behaviour? Simply because people’s behaviour is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. Virtually all management activities rely on perception.In appraising performance, managers use their perceptions of an employee’s behaviour as a basis for evaluation. Factors that influen ce perception are categorized to three groups; 1)Factors in the perceiver: Attitudes, Motives, Interests, Experience, Expectations 2)Factors in the situation: Time, Work Setting, Social Setting 3)Factors in the target: Novelty, Motion, Sounds, Size, Background, Proximity, Similarity Shortcuts used in judging others; )Selective Perception: a characteristic that make someone stand out in our mind will increase the probability that it will be perceived 2)Halo Effect: drawing a general impression based on a single characteristic 3)Contrast Effects: our reaction is influenced by others we have recently encountered 4)Projection: the tendency to attribute our own characteristics to other people 5)Stereotyping: judging someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which they belong Attribution in OrganizationsAttribution simply refers to how a person explains the cause of another’s or his or her own behaviour. Attribution thus is the most relevant application of perception c oncepts of organizational behaviour-the issue of person perception. The attributions or inferred causes we provide for behaviour have important implications in organizations. In explaining the causes of employee performance, good or bad, we are asked to explain the behaviour that was the basis for the performance.Attribution Theory suggests that when we observe an individual’s behaviour, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused: Internally; believed to be under the personal control of the individual Externally; resulting from outside causes. Determinants of Attribution Distinctiveness; whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situations. Consensus; if everyone who faces a similar situation responds in the same way. Consistency; does the person respond the same way over time.Individual Decision Making Individuals in organizations make decisions. That is, they make choices from among two or more alternatives. Decision-making is almost universally defined as choosing between alternatives. Decision-making is a critical activity in the lives of managers. The decisions a manager faces can range from very simple, routine matters for which the manager has an established decision rule(programmed decisions) to new and complex decisions that require creative solutions(non-programmed decisions). Decision-Making ProcessManagers have to make decisions whether they are simple or extremely complex. Making a good decision is a difficult exercise. It is the product of deliberation, evaluation and thought. To make good decisions, managers should invariably follow a sequential set of steps. 1)recognize the problem and need for a decision 2)identify the objective of the decision 3)gather and evaluate data and diagnose the situation 4)list and evaluate alternatives 5)select the best course of action 6)implement the decision 7)gather feedback 8)follow up

Evaluation of Sources Essay

Published in 2010, Dick Weissman’s book Talkin’ ‘bout a Revolution: Music and Social Change in America focuses on music in America that dates back to the early 1900’s, but incorporating key facts about the music of the 1960s. Weissman goes in depth about the different musicians that had an impact during the 1960s, and also talks about how the history of America and music were interrelated. Weissman states specifically how and why historical events such as the Civil Rights Movement, the assassination of President Kennedy, and the rock and roll/hippie movement were all related to the changing music of the time. He paints a vivid picture with words that allow the reader to understand the underlying themes of the music, as well as showing the view of the people of the time. The only limitation of this source is that Weissman does not include actual accounts of people; he provides his own assumption of the change in musical trends of the time. David Shapiro, a rock journalist and drug counselor, wrote a book about the relation of drugs and music, Waiting For the Man: The Story of Drugs and Popular Music, which was published in 1988, and contained an overview of specific drugs and the bands that used them. David Shapiro was alive during the 1960s which allows him to portray his view and to show the mentality of the bands and people of the time. Shapiro’s writing with the use of public opinion includes a first-hand account of people and events during the 1960s. Even though the book lacks to incorporate the details of history were taking place, there is detailed description of the types of music that were evolving due to their association with narcotics.

Essay about The Art of Tattoos - 1110 Words

Tattooing has changed and grown rigorously over the past couple centuries. The practice of tattooing is an ancient one dating back to about 4000 B.C. and is worldwide in its distribution (Roenigk 179). Tattooing has grown to now be considered a mainstream activity and is no longer confined to prison populations, sailors, and gang members. Tattooed bodies now include adolescents, career women, and college students (Millner 425). Throughout all these years, tattoos have been used as protection against danger, as love charms, to restore youth, to ensure good health and long life, to accomplish fertility, to bring about the death to an enemy, to cure an illness, to insure a happy afterlife, and even to acquire supernatural power. Although†¦show more content†¦If getting a tattoo by an amateur, with which you may or may not be aware, they often use objects such as pens, pencils, knives, needles, or straight pins and inject substances such as India ink, carbon, charcoal, or mascar a (Millner 426). To achieve various colors you must use certain pigments or even a mixture of pigments. Some pigments would include: Carbon, Cinnabar, Cadmium selenide, Sienna, Cobaltous aluminate, Chromic oxide, Chromium sesquioxide, Cadmium sulfide, Ochre, Iron oxide, Manganese, and Titanium dioxide. Although puncturing the skin is usually painful, preoperative sedation by heavy alcohol intake helps to mask the pain (Roenigk 180). Fading occurs in some tattoos, but other designs may persist for life. Bacteria living on needles, and other instruments used for tattooing, and the risk of infections can lead to multiple health risks. Some reported medical complications of body art include bleeding, tissue trauma and scarring, bacterial infections, tetanus, viral infections, and in some cases even oral and dental injuries (Mayers 29). Multiple health risks associated with non-sterile tattooing practices include the blood-borne infectious diseases of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis D, and h epatitis C (Millner 426). Syphilis is a widely known infection that can be acquired directly from the tattooing needle. Primary syphilis may appear in a tattoo in the form of a chancre, a painless ulceration most commonly formed during the primaryShow MoreRelatedAre Tattoos, Art?678 Words   |  3 PagesThere are many forms of art in today’s society, all ranging in a wide variety of intricacy and complexity. From performing arts, there is also interpretive arts and the classic hand molding and paint brush wielding type of art. 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